意大利比萨高等师范学校基本概况

　　比萨高等师范学校正式创办于1810年10月18日，是意大利一所著名的公立高等学府，目前在世界排名192位。下面是出国留学网整理并翻译的比萨高等师范学校基本概况，供大家参考。

　　一、关于比萨高等师范学校

　　The Scuola Normale Superiore is a public institute for higher education with unique features: student selection exclusively based on merit, lessons on a seminar basis, deeply intertwined teaching and research, an integrated college life, and the encouragement of international exchanges based on the best European model of higher education. In Pisa, lecturers, researchers and students inhabit the same spaces, with teaching and laboratory activities, cultural events and experimental initiatives all taking place in a single area. Two types of course are available: the undergraduate course and the PhD course. The teaching activity is distributed among three academic structures: the Faculty of Humanities, the Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences and, from the academic year 2014/2015 onwards, for the PhD course only, the Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, sited in Palazzo Strozzi in Florence. The great resource of the Scuola Normale is the quality of its students. Selected on the basis of merit through a special examination, they live in a completely free college system and follow a course of studies revolving around a natural mix of experience, research, in-depth study and moments of intuition.

　　比萨高等师范学校是一所公立高等学府，其特征包括专门以优点为基础的入学筛选、研讨班形式的教学、密切联系的教学和科研、完整的学院生活以及对国际交流的鼓励。对国际交流的鼓励是参照欧洲最优高等教育模式来进行的。在比萨高等师范学校，讲师、研究员和学生栖居在同一片屋檐下，教学、实验和文化活动在同一个地方展开。学校有两种类型的课程：本科生课程和博士生课程。教学活动在人文学院和数学与自然科学学院展开。2014/2015学年起，学校在佛罗伦萨的斯特罗齐宫附近开设了人文与社科博士学院。比萨高等师范学校的重要资源是其优秀的学生。学生通过以优点为基础的特别考试才能入学。学校有完全自由的学院制，课程自然地围绕实验、研究、深度学习和辅导展开。

　　Faculty staff and students (by QS)

　　师生人数(QS提供)

　　二、比萨高等师范学校的历史

　　The Scuola Normale of Pisa was formally founded on the 18th of October, 1810, by a Napoleonic decree which dealt with “places of public instruction” in Tuscany, a province of the French empire since 1807.

　　The three regions of the Arno, Ombrone and Mediterraneo formed one of the Academies of the Imperial University housed in Pisa, and together opened an “academic residence” for university students. Twenty-five places, publicly funded, were reserved for students in the humanities and sciences to form a subsidiary of Paris' École Normale Supérieure. The new institution was closely linked to its parent institution in Paris. The shared name “normale” refers to the mission of the school, which was to train middle and high school teachers able to convey “norms” in a context where training teachers was still strongly connected to “forming” citizens loyal to the laws and the emperor.

　　On February 22, 1811, the first competition for 25 new students was announced. Although they were selected on September 4 of that year, it was not until 1813 that the Scuola Normale in Pisa truly started its activities. The first students, housed in the Convent of San Silvestro, were enrolled and a set of Disciplinary Regulations for the academic residence was established.

　　比萨高等师范学校正式创办于1810年10月18日。当时，拿破仑下令在法兰西帝国的托斯卡纳省建立公立学校。(法兰西帝国成立于1807年。)

　　亚诺河、翁布罗内河和地中海三个地区构成了法兰西帝国大学在比萨的一部分。同时开设的还有专门为大学生提供的“学术区”。25个公立校址留给了人文和科学专业学生，构成了比萨高等师范学校的附属学校。新成立的比萨高等师范学校与巴黎师范高等学校密切联系。“师范”指明了学校的使命，是将学生培养成中学教师，有能力教授传统常规，培养法律和帝王所需的忠诚公民。

　　1811年2月22日，学校宣布招收25名新生。在同年的9月4日，招生完成。但是学校的教学活动还远远没有开始，等到1813年才真正开始。第一批学生住在圣西尔维斯特的修道院里。他们注册之后，学校随后在学术区规定了一系列纪律规章。